It is against the law in most states, including Pennsylvania, to sell raw milk or raw milk products unless it has been inspected by state milk inspectors. Selling processed products directly on the farm or in the store does require additional management and marketing skills however, profit margins tend to be higher per unit sold compared to selling to a commercial processor. There are few commercial processors to whom raw goat milk can be shipped, so many dairy goat producers build on-farm processing plants to produce products such as pasteurized bottled milk, yogurt, ice cream, cheese, and kefir. The main marketing issue for prospective dairy goat producers is market entry for their product.
1 kcal = 1,000 calories IU = international unit, a measure of vitamin potency μg = microgram, 1/1000 milligram Comparison of average milk composition Nutrientĭata from the American Dairy Goat AssociationĪbbreviations: kcal/100 ml is a measure of energy content. Because of these differences, people who have allergies to cow milk can often drink goat milk, and the smaller fat globules in goat milk stay in suspension longer, which leads to the perception of "natural homogenization." Goats are excellent browsers, which allows them to consume plants containing aromatic or flavor compounds that can impart the smell or flavor to the milk or cheese, thus providing an opportunity to generate unique specialty products. Goat milk is similar in composition to cow milk (Table 1), but some important differences exist in the protein structure. Although many health effects have been attributed to consuming goat milk, scientific evidence does not support most health claims. Goat milk is often sought for its perceived health benefits and unique taste. In much of the developing world, goat milk is the primary milk source for humans. Although fluid milk and processed products are important markets, dairy goat producers should also consider the potential for selling animals to hobbyists and youth involved in vocational agriculture dairy projects. The potential also exists for selling milk to processors, usually on a regional basis. Some dairy goat producers have been successful in pasteurizing goat milk and building an on-farm jugging business, while others have ventured into processed milk products for retail distribution, especially specialty cheeses, yogurt, soap, and lotions. Dairy goat production is an alternative livestock enterprise suitable for many small-scale or part-time livestock operations.
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